Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB can affect the lungs as well as other parts of the body.

TB is spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The bacteria are then inhaled by others.

Symptoms of tuberculosis may include coughing, prolonged fever, weight loss, fatigue and night sweats.

A doctor can diagnose tuberculosis through a skin test, blood tests, examination of mucus and imaging tests, such as an X-ray or CT scan.

Tuberculosis can be treated with antibiotics, usually over a longer period, often six months or more. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics so that the bacteria does not become medication resistant.

People with active tuberculosis can infect others, but once they start taking medication, they become less infectious.

The BCG vaccine provides some protection against severe forms of TB, especially in children.

People with active tuberculosis should isolate to prevent the spread of the disease.